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Belajar Structure / Grammar Toefl 7

Skill 7: Gunakan kata penghubung keterangan waktu (Adverb Time Connector) dan kata penghubung Penyebab (Cause Connector) dengan betul

Kalimat yang memakai klausa dari klausa keterangan waktu memiliki 2 pola dasar:
  • I will sign the check before you live.
  • Before you live, I will sign the check.
Tiap pola di atas, terdapat 2 klausa: you live dan I will sign the check. Dari ke dua klausa tersebut klausa keterangan waktu (adverb time clause) nya yaitu you live karena dilampaui oleh kata penghubung keterangan waktu (adverb time connector) before. Perhatikan penerapan komanya ketika adverb time connector berada di depan kalimat. 

misal di bawah ini menggambarkan bagaimana pola kalimat ini dijadikan sebagai soal dalam test Structure TOEFL. 
misal
_____ was late, I missed the appointment.
a) I
b) Because
c) The train
d) Since he
Dari kalimat di atas sanggup kita ketahui bahwa kalimat tersebut memiliki kata kerja was yang membutuhkan subjek. Juga terdapat klausa yang lain I missed the appointment. Jika menentukan jawabanan a) I atau c) The train maka jawabanan Anda tidak sempurna alasannya yakni spesialuntuk menyediakan subjek untuk kata kerja was sementara connector untuk ke dua klausa tersebut Anda abaikan. Untuk jawabanan b) because spesialuntuk menyediakan connector jadi juga jawabanan yang tidak tepat. Jawaban paling memungkinkan yaitu d) Since he (karena dia). He sebagai subjek dari verb was: he was late dan since sebagai connector menghubungkan dua klausa he was late dan I miss the appointment.

Diagram untuk daftar kata penghubung adverb time dan cause:

ADVERB TIME AND CAUSE CONNECTORS
TIME

CAUSE
After             as soon as          once          when
As                 before                since          whenever
As long as     by the time          until           while





As                            now that
Because                  since
Inasmuch as
misal soal:
    1. Since the bank closes in less than an hour, the deposits need to be tallied immediately.
    2. Their backgrounds are thoroughly investigated before are admitted to the organization.
    3. The citizens are becoming more and more incensed about traffic accidents whenever the accidents occur at that intersection.
    4. The ground had been prepared, the seedlings were carefully planted.
    5. We can start the conference now that all the participants have arrived.
    6. The building quite vulnerable to damage until the storm windows  are installed.
    7. Once the address label for the package is typed, can be sent to the mail room.
    8. Because the recent change in work shifts was not posted, several workers missed their shifts.
    9. The mother is going to be quite upset with her son as long he misbehaves so much
    10. Inasmuch as all the votes have not yet been counted the outcome of the election cannot be announced.
    Ket:.
    Yang diblok ialah subjek.
    Yang diblok dan digaris bawahi ialah verb (kata kerja).
    Yang dimiringkan ialah adverb time atau cause coordinator.
    Pada kalimat 1, 3, 5, 8, dan 9 ialah bentuk kalimat yang benar (sudah terdapat subjek dan verb) beserta penerapan  adverb time atau cause coordinator sudah benar.
    Pada kalimat 2, 4, 5, 7, dan 10 memiliki kesalahan masing-masing.  No. 2 dan 7 kehilangan subjek. No. 4 juga salah alasannya yakni tidak terdapat connector. No. 6 kehilangan verb. No. 10 kehilangan koma. Inasmuch (karena) ialah adverb time connector. 

    Seharusnya:
    1. Since the bank closes in less than an hour, the deposits need to be tallied immediately.
    2. Their backgrounds are thoroughly investigated before they are admitted to the organization.
    3. The citizens are becoming more and more incensed about traffic accidents whenever the accidents occur at that intersection.
    4. After Tthe ground had been prepared, the seedlings were carefully planted.
    5. We can start the conference now that all the participants have arrived.
    6. The building is quite vulnerable to damage until the storm windows  are installed.
    7. Once the address label for the package is typed, it can be sent to the mail room.
    8. Because the recent change in work shifts was not posted, several workers missed their shifts.
    9. The mother is going to be quite upset with her son as long he misbehaves so much
    10. Inasmuch as all the votes have not yet been counted, the outcome of the election cannot be announced.
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